Dalian Economic & Technological Development Zone (hereinafter referred
to as Dalian Development Zone) is the first state-approved economic & technological
development zone, which was established with the approval of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China on September 25, 1984 and officially started construction on
October 15 of the same year. It is an economic zone that enjoys the preferential policies
of the coastal economic technological development zones and adopts a new type of
management system. The Dalian City People's Government set up an administrative committee
to exercise unified leadership and administration over the Dalian Development Zone on its
behalf. Location Dalian Development Zone is situated on the Dagushan Peninsula, Dalian,
Liaoning Province, i.e. at 39¡ã2'4" N and 121¡ã 46'50" E. It has a picturesque
environment, is surrounded by the sea on three sides with mountains behind. To date, 50 sq
km of it has been developed, with construction started on 28 sq km, consisting of an
industrial section of 15 sq km, a residential section of 4 sq km, a section of 4 sq km for
public construction and a section of 5 sq km for other uses, resulting in a new urban area
with a great potential for development. Climate Dalian Development Zone has a coastline of
68.5 km and a northern temperate climate. The annual average temperature is 10.4¡ãC, the
average wind velocity is 5.4 m/s, the average relative humidity is 66%, the maximum frost
penetration is 93 cm. Geology Dalian Development Zone has a sufficient vegetation coverage
and good soil for the growth of flowers and trees. The geological formation is mostly
composed of slate, diabase, agrillaceous limestone; and there are no landslides. The
allowable bearing capacity in most parts of the zones 30-80 ton per sq m. which is
suitable for the construction of high-rises. Industrial Base Dalian Development Zone, as a
"pioneer zone" and a "model zone" in China's reform and opening up
drive, enjoys the most preferential terms provided by the Dalian City and Northeast China.
Resources The region of Northeast China abounds in natural resources, which are great in
variety, widely distributed and easy to develop. UP to now 104 kinds of minerals have been
verified, making up 71 % of the national total. Northeast China is also an important
forestry region with over one hundred species of trees. Its forest coverage is more than
double the nation's average, its annual timber output accounts for 45% of the national
total. It has over 2,700 species of plants and over 1,500 species of wildlife. Its grain
output accounts for 60% of the national total, and its flax output makes up 90% of the
national total. The region around the Liaodong Peninsula is a major fishing ground in
north China with the marine products accounting for over 10% of the national total. In the
region of Dalian, aquatic products and fruit are the major produce. The ocean teems with
prawns, abalone and sea cucumbers. The Dalian area has a fruit-growing history of nearly
100 years, and its apples, yellow peaches, grapes and cherries are well known both at home
and abroad. Industry Northeast China is the earliest industrial base focusing on the heavy
industry in the country; a relatively complete system of industries such as iron and
steel, machinery,petrochemicals, chemicals, coal, electronics, building materials,
forestry, textiles, foodstuff processing, as well as papermaking has taken shape. A great
number of industrial products from Northeast China are regarded as important to the
country.Dalian City alone has more than 150 industrial sectors and over ten thousand
industrial enterprises. Dalian Port is an ideal transfer port within the Eurasian
continental bridge and a distribution center for international goods. It has become an
important hub for container shipping and has major wharves for grain and petroleum
shipping. Tourism Dalian is one of China's famous summer resorts and one of the eighteen
popular tourism cites. It has a lot of scenic spots along the seaside as well as
fascinating cultural attractions. Finance The amount of available capital in Dalian
exceeds all other cities in Northeast China. More than ten foreign banks, such as Tokyo
Bank, Industrial Bank of Japan, East Asia Bank of Hong Kong, Korean Exchange Bank, etc,
have established branches or representative offices in Dalian. Science and Technology
Dalian City has a great scientific and technical potential. It has more than 20
academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and of the Chinese Academy of Engineering,
as well as 17 colleges and universities, over 300 scientific research institutes and a lot
of vocational technical schools. There is high-level scientific research covering 20
projects and over 100 specialized subjects. There are three national laboratories, 21
centers for technical tests at the national and ministerial levels, 12 centers for
standardization, and 3 measure centers. It is one of the regions with the highest
concentration of scientists and technicians and the most solid capability in science and
technology. Labor Dalian is rich in labor resources. A new work force of 100,000 is
available each year. Seventy of the work force have received education above senior middle
school. Compared with other parts of China, the cost of the essential factors (including
land, labor and electricity) of industrial production in Dalian Development Zone is low.
Market Potential Dalian Development Zone is located in the central part of China's Bohai
Sea Economic Rim. To the North is the vast hinterland of Northeast China covering an area
of 1.25 million sq km and accounting for 13% of China's total. The GDP generated by the
Northeast China region makes up 24% of the nation's total. Urban residents account for
43.6% of the region's population. Within the Bohai Sea Economic Rim, there are 11 of the
32 largest cities with a population of over one million. The population of the two central
cities of Beijing and Tianjin is 21 million each. There are four ports (i.e. Tianjin,
Dalian, Qinhungdao and Qingdao) with a yearly handling capacity of over 20 million tons,
and there are many major railway lines crossing the region. The region where Dalian
Development Zone is situated is a golden belt with a dense population, a prosperous
economy, convenient transportation and communication facilities, developed commerce and
industry, a large market capacity, rapid transmission of information and a high purchasing
power. The area has a strong influence on and plays a major part in the whole of China's
market. Transport Conditions Dalian Development Zone has very convenient communications
and transportation facilities and a transportation network consisting of air, land and sea
has been established. Shipping Dalian Development Zone is surrounded by six major port
terminals: Dalian Port, Dayaowan New Harbor, Nianyuwan Oil Wharf, Dalianwan Fishing Wharf,
Heshangdao Coal Wharf and Beicheng Grain Wharf. Railways Dalian Development Zone is
connected to the railway arteries of Northeast China and is linked up to the six major
railway trunk lines of the country. Passengers and freight can be transported throughout
China and even to Europe via Mongolia. It is one of the major corridors of the Eurasian
Continental Bridge. Highways The road network of Dalian Development Zone is linked up to
the Shenyang-Dalian Expressway, providing easy access to other cities. The trunk roads in
the zone are 160 km long. It is only a 20-minute drive to the city proper of Dalian
through Zhenxing Road, a new urban expressway. Airport Dalian Development Zone is located
about 24 km (20 minutes by car) from Zhoushuizi International Airport of Dalian which is
served by 43 international and domestic air routes. Industrial Policies In Dalian
Development Zone, the following new industries are given priority in development:
micro-electronic, new materials, biological engineering, information and communications,
development of the sea, energy conservation and environment protection, renewal of
resources and comprehensive utilization. Investment in infrastructure, commerce, trade,
tourism, and transformation of State-owned enterprises is encouraged. In the industrial
sector, the following sub-sectors are encouraged: 1. Light Industry Matrix devices and
manufacturing of matrix of non-metallic materials, leather processing, new batteries,
plastic film for freshness preservation, efficient doze of ferment, synthetic spice, freon
substitutes, etc. 2. Engineering Industry High precision digitally controlled machine
tools components, petroleum industry, chemical industry, electronics, communications,
metallurgical industry, production of complete sets of port equipment, as well as related
components, manufacture of equipment of new technology for production safety and
environment protection and electricity conservation, new types of instruments and meters,
as well as materials, precision tools of matrix, precision bearing, precision valves and
manufacture of main parts and components for automobile assembly. 3. Electronic Industry
Manufacture of integrated circuits on a large scale, new types of electronic instruments
and elements, computers and key components, new types of household electric appliances,
system equipment for communications satellites, system equipment for multi-media
electronic communications, semi-conductors, as well as materials for photoelectronics. 4.
Petrochemical Industry Manufacture of precision chemicals, catalytic automobile exhaust
absorbers; technology for development and comprehensive utilization of engineering
plastics and synthetic rubber of alloy plastic, waste gas, waste liquids as well as
residue. 5. Pharmaceutical Industry Pharmaceutical raw and semi-finished materials which
can substitute for imported medicines, new types of anti-cancer medicine, medicine for
maladie cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, as well as new immune vaccine of hepatitis,
new medicines made through bio-engineering technology. 6. Industry of Construction
Materials New types of materials for wall construction, decoration, fitting,
water-proofing, heat-protection, as well as quality sanitary equipment and metals and
plastic accessories. |
